Harvesting-machine.



PATENTED DEC. 12, 1905.

W. LIVTSUHAK. HARVESTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 9, 1905.

' 4 SHEETS-SHEET}.

I I I I l I I N I No. 807,179. PATENTED DEC. 12, 1905.

W. LIVTSGHAK. HARVESTING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED MAY 9, 1905.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

M72755: 5: Eva-2.50.!

777a dz'mirl z'zrtzsciza/s PATBNTBD DEC. 12, 1905.

W. LIVTSGHAK.

HARVESTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 9, 1905.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

14 12 2755555 Qf JZ N0- 807,179. PATENTBD DEC. 12, 1905.

W. LIVTSGHAK.

HARVESTING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAYQ, 1905.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

W .17 I 120191101 77706251726? l iVZZsz/m/a UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIoE. W LADIMIR LI VTSCHAK, WILNA, RUSSIA.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 12, 1905.

Application filed May 9, 1905. Serial No. 259,498.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, WLADIMIR LIVTSGHAK, a subject of the Emperor of Russia, residing at VVilna, in the Empire of Russia, have invented a new and useful Harvesting-Machine, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in harvesting-machines whereby the construction ofthe machine is simplified and a new combination of known devices is produced, so that the usefulness of the machine is considerably increased.

I will now proceed to-describe my newlycombined machine, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a side view of the harvesting-' machine, parts of the poles being broken away. Fig. 2 is a plan of the same, parts of the poles being broken away. Fig. 3 is a rear elevation of the same. Fig. 4 is avertical section through the line A B in Fig. 2, and Fig. 5 is a vertical section through the line C D in Fig. 2 and shows simply the connection between the reel-support and the draft-frame.

Similar characters of reference refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

A rectangular main frame 1 is shown as made of wood and strengthened with iron parts. It is provided with two cross-bars 2 and 3 in the longitudinaldirection, of which the one, 2, is near the middle and the other, 3, near the left portion of'the frame. Suitable bearings 4 are fastened on the under side of the left portion and the cross-bar 2 of the main frame. In these two bearings 4 a horizontal shaft 6 is mounted to turn, and on the shaft 6 a driving-wheel 7 of any known construction is loosely disposed, while it isin any known manner prevented from longitudinally shifting. A clutch 8 is arranged to slide endwise on the shaft 6 and is prevented from turning by a spline or otherwise. This clutch 8 can engage in the nave of the driving-wheel in any known manner for coupling the latter withthe shaft 6. The right portion of the main frame 1 is slotted for the reception of a lateral wheel 9, which is mounted to turn on a pin 10. The said slot may be formed by cutting away a piece of the wood, so that the iron parts 76 76 alone hold together the wooden parts of the right portion of the main frame 1. (See Fig. 4.) In the drawings the drivingwheel 7 and the lateral wheel 9 are assumed to have the same diameter, so that they revolve around a common axis, but independently of each other.

It may be remarked that in Fig. 3 only a its fork ends with two suitable bearings 12 and 13 for the shaft 6. It is rigidly connected with two poles'14, the free ends of which are arranged to be suspended from the neck of a horse or other animal by means of any known device. It will be seen that the draft-frame 11 is supported, on the one hand, by the drivingwheel 7 with the aid of the shaft 6 and, on the other hand, by'the animal. Suitable boards 15 15 are secured on the draft-frame 11 to form a platform for the driver and for a tool-box 16. Two iron supports 1717 of a convenient shape are secured on the draftframe 11 for supporting the drivers seat 18 by means of a board 19 and an iron stud 20. Two bent iron strips 21 21 are attached to the board 19, on the one hand, and to the boards 15 15, on the other hand, for carrying the protecting-deals 22 22 above the drivingwheel 7 and the foot-rest 23, respectively. On the board 19 an iron strip 24 is fastened, which carries two pins 25 and 26 for a two-armed hand-lever 27 and a forked lever 28. The lower arm of the hand-lever 27 is pivotally connected with the forked lever 28 by means of a rod 29. Two pins on the fork ends of the forked lever 28 are arranged to engage in a groove of the clutch 8. Evidently the latter, can be thrown into and out of gear with the driving-wheel 7 from the drivers seat 18. A doubled iron bow 30, provided with a series of holes, is fastened on the two boards 15 15 and is provided with a pin 31, (see Fig. 1,) on which a two-armed cranked hand-lever 32 is mounted to turn. The latter can be secured in either of several positions by means of a pin engaging in the respective holes of the bow 30. The lower arm of the hand-lever 32 is pivotally connected with the front portion of the main frame 1 by means of a rod 83. It will be seen that with the aid of the hand-lever 32 the front portion of the main frame 1 can be raised and lowered, also adjusted, in any position with regard to the draft-frame 11.

A finger-bar 34 is secured on the front portion of the main frame 1 between the right portion and the cross-bar 2. It is arranged to guide a reciprocating knife-bar 35, as usual. Fastened on the shaft 6 of the driving-wheel 7 is a gear-wheel 36, (see Fig. 2,) which meshes with a pinion 37 The latter is mounted to bar 35 by means of a rod 44, as usual.

A reel-support 45 of wood is provided at its lower end with two iron strips 46 46, which project and form a fork, so as to embrace the rear end of the right portion of the draftframe 11. (See Fig. 5.) These fork ends are provided with holes through which the shaft 6 passes, so that the reel-support 45 can swing around the shaft 6. An iron bow 47 provided with a series of holes, is fastened on the main frame 1 for securing the reel-support 45 in either of several positions, a bolt 48 being put through the hole of the support 45 and in the respective hole of the how 47. A cast-iron sleeve 49 is mounted on the reel-support 45 to slide and can be secured in any position by means of two adj usting-screws 50. The sleeve 49 is shown as made in one piece with a forked bearing 51 for the shaft 52 of a reel 53. This reel 53 may be of any known construction.

Two chain-wheels 54 and 55 and a ratchetwheel 56 are rigidly connected with each other and are mounted on the sh'aft6 to turn,

while they are in any known manner pre vented from longitudinally shifting. Fastened on the shaft 6 is a lever 57, carrying a pawl, which latter is arranged to engage in any tooth-space of the ratchet-wheel 56 and to take along with it the latter during the forward motion of the driving-wheel 7, while during any motion of the driving-wheel in the opposite direction the pawl simply slides over the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 56. An endless chain 58, put around the chain-wheel 54 on the shaft 6 and the chain-wheel 59 on the reel-shaft 52, serves for driving the reel 53. On the rear portion of the main frame 1 are fastened two studs 60 60, in which a horizontal shaft 61 is mounted to turn. Two short crank-arms 62 62 are fastened on the shaft 61 and prevent a loose chain-wheel 63 between them from shifting endwise. This chain-wheel 63 is arranged to be driven from the other chain-wheel 55 on the shaft 6 by means of an endless chain 64. The latter is on both sides provided with a plurality of pins 65 65 at certain distances from each other. These pins 65 65 are adapted to strike against the two short crank-arms 62 62 and to take the same along with them through a certain angle until the pins 65 65 leave the periphery of the pitch-circle of the chainwheel 63 and release the two crank-arms 62 62. Two long crank-arms 66 66 are fastened on the shaft 61 in the same plane and at a in the lower ends of the two rods 67 67 and carries a small drum 70 beneath the crossbar 2. A chain 71 is fastened with its one end on the drum 70 and connected at its other end with a helical spring 72. The rear end of this spring 72 is attached to a stud 7 3 (see Fig. 1) on the main frame 1. The helical spring 72 is adapted to draw upward the upper end of the chain 71, and thereby to move upward the roll 69 with the two rods 67 67 and the two long crank-arms 66 66, so that the latter parts normally occupy the position illustrated by the full lines in Fig. 1. As already mentioned above, by means of the pins 65 65 on the chain the two long crankarms 66 66 and the two rods 67 67 with the roll 69 can be brought into the other extreme position indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 1. The stroke of the roll 69 requires to be adapted to the length of the halms of the crop. For this purpose the right portion of the main frame 1 and the cross-beam2 are each provided with a series of holes 76 76, into either of which a bolt can be put, and two disks or bufiers 77 of india-rubber are placed on the two bolts on both sides for striking against the bent ends of the two rods 67 67, and thereby limiting the stroke of the roll 69. An apron 74 of sail-cloth or the .like is secured with its lower edge on the front portion of the main frame 1 and with its upper edge on the roll 69. The right portion of the main frame 1 is provided with a divider of any known construction for separating the cut from the uncut crop.

The harvesting-machine described so far is operated as follows: The main frame 1, with all the parts thereon, is nearly balanced, so that it has a small overweight on the front side of the axis of the driving-wheel 7 and the lateral wheel 9. Then the front portion of the main frame 1 will have the tendency of sinking down, and it will be easy to raise and to lower the front portion of the main frame 1 by means of the hand-lever 32. After putting the horse or animal to the draft-frame 11 the main frame 1 is brought into a nearly horizontal position by means of the handlever 32, so as to keep the finger-bar 34 on a safe height above the road. The clutch 8 is disengaged from the driving-wheel 7 by means of the hand-lever 27, and then the machine is drawn by the animal to the place of work. On arriving there the front portion of the main frame 1 is lowered by means of the handlever 32 and adjusted in the proper position for the cutting operation and in accordance with the desired height of .the stubble. According to the height of the halms of the crop the reel 53 is adjusted by lowering or raising the reel-support 45 and by moving up or down the sleeve 49, while the chain 58 may be adjusted by inserting or omitting a few links, as the case may be.

From an examination of Fig. 1 it will be clear that for the maximum stroke of the roll 69 the two small crank-arms 62 62 normally occupy the position shown in full lines, so that they may be taken along with by the respective pins 65 on the chain through an angle equal to that through which the two long crank-arms 66 66 move from their'initial position shown in full lines to their other extreme position indicated by dotted lines. In this case the two bolts holding the indiarubber buffers 77 77 are inserted in the two uppermost holes 76 76.

According to the height of the crop the bolts with the india-rubber buffers 77 77 are adjusted and the clutch 8 is thrown into gear with the drh'ing-wheel 7 by means of the hand-lever 27. o

On the animal drawing the machine in the direction of the arrow 78 both the drivingwheel 7 and the lateral wheel 9 will revolve in the direction of the arrow 79, so that the two chains 58 and 64 move in the direction of the two arrows and 81, respectively, and the reel 53 revolves in the direction of the arrow 82. When two pins 65 65 on the chain 64 strike against the two short crank-arms 62 62 and take the latter along with them, the two crank-arms 62 62 will turn the shaft 61, and thereby also the two longcrank-arms 66 66, in the direction of the arrow 83 into the extreme position indicated by the dotted lines. The two rods 67 67, with the roll 69, are thereby moved downward, whereby the helical spring 72 is stretched. The tension of this spring unwinds the chain 71 from the small drum 70, and thereby causes the roll 69 to wind on the apron 74, so that the latter is not only reduced in its length, but also inclined rearwardly, as is clearly shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 4. The moment the two short crank-arms 62 62 are released by the two pins 65 65, which leave the periphery of the pitch-circle of the chain-wheel 63, the tension of the stretchedhelical spring 72 will return the two rods 67 67, with the two long crank-arms 66 66, into their initial position. As the lower edge of the apron 74 is secured on the main frame 1, the apron 74 will un. wind itself from the roll 69, and thereby turn the latter and wind on the chain 71 on the small drum 70. Shortly afterward two other pins65 65 will strike against the ,two short crank-arms 62 62, when the whole series of occurrences described will be repeated.

During the forward motion of the machine in the direction of the arrow 78 either wing of the reel 53 will bend the crop, which on being cut falls on the apron 74. After a sufficient quantity of cut crop has accumulated on the apron 74 the latter is in the described manner reduced in its length and rearwardly inclined to permit the cut crop to fall on the stubble. Then the apron 74 is again stretched and ready for receiving a fresh charge of cut crop. When the driver should see some obstacle and desire to bring the finger-bar out of the path, all that is required is to quickly raise the front portion of the .main frame 1 by means of the hand-lever 32. It is evident that in case the driving-wheel 7 should from some cause revolve in a direction opposite to that of the arrow 79 the pawl on the lever 57 will simply glide over the teeth of the ratchetwheel 56 without moving the'two chains 58 and 64, so that both the reel 53 and the discharging device will remain idle.

As the draft-frame 11 is connectedwith the main frame 1 at the ends of the shaft 6that is to say, at two sufficiently distant points-it will be easy for the animal to turn the harvesting-machine with perfect safety.

Nowthat the draft-frame 11 is supported by the driving-wheel 7 on the one hand and by the neck of the animal on the other hand it will be clear that the small overweightof the main frame 1 can be safely taken up by the draftframe 11, so that the main frame 1 will maintain its proper position and the machine can perform its operations with pefect safety.

The harvesting-machine is suitable for all kinds of crops and also for grass. In case the crop is not high the reel may be omitted and the stroke of the roll 69 may be reduced to its minimum.

The harvesting-machine may be varied in many respects without deviating from the spirit of my invention. The main frame 1 and, where so preferred, also the draft-frame 11 may be made of metal instead of wood.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a harvesting-machine,the combination with a rectangular main frame provided with an intermediate bar in the driving direction, of a horizontal shaft mounted to turn in one side portion and the intermediate bar of said rectangular main frame, a driving-wheel on said horizontal shaft, a pin in the other side position of said rectangular main frame in the center line of said horizontal shaft, a lateral wheel on said pin, a finger-bar with a reciprocating knife-bar on the front portion belever mounted to turn on said draft-frame in a vertical plane and adapted to be adjusted by means of said how, and a rod pivotally connecting the lower arm of said two armed hand-lever with the front portion of said rectangular main frame.

2. Inaharvesting-machine,thecombination with a rectangular main frame provided with an intermediate bar in the driving direction, of a horizontal shaft mounted to turn in one side portion and the intermediate bar of said rectangular main frame, a driving-wheel on said horizontal shaft, a pin in the other side portion of said rectangular main frame in the center line of said horizontal shaft, a lateral wheel on said pin, a finger-bar with a reciprocating knife-bar on the front portion between the last-named side portion and the intermediate bar of said rectangular main frame, means for transmitting the motion from said driving-wheel to said reciprocating knife-bar, a draft-frame adapted to turn on said horizontal shaft and engaging said shaft between the said first-named side portion and the intermediate bar of said rectangular main frame, a drivers seat on said draft-frame, means for raising and lowering or adjusting the front portion of said rectangular main frame from said drivers seat, a reel-support adapted to be turned around said horizontal shaft, means for adjusting said reel-support on said rectangular main frame, a slide adjustable on said reel-support, a horizontal reel adapted to be supported by said slide, and means for transmitting the motion from said horizontal shaft to said horizontal reel, said rectangular main frame with all parts thereon being nearly balanced, so that there remains a small overweight on the front side of the center line of said driving-wheel and said lateral wheel.

3. In a harvesting-machine, the combination with a rectangular frame, of a finger-bar on the front portion of said rectangular frame, a roll guided in said rectangular frame, an apron secured with its front edge on the front portion of said rectangular frame behind said finger-bar and with its rear edge on said roll, means for periodically advancing said roll toward said finger-bar and for returning it to its initial position, and means for turning said roll in one-direction during its forward motion to wind on said apron and for turning the former in the opposite direction during its return to unwind said apron.

L. In a harvesting-machine, the combination with a rectangular frame, of a driving-wheel mounted in said rectangular frame to turn, a chain-wheel, means for throwing said chainwheel into and out of gear with said drivingwheel, a finger-bar on the front portion of said rectangular frame, a shaft mounted to turn in the rear portion of said rectangular frame, a second chain-wheel loose on said shaft, two short crank-arms fastened on said shaft on both sides of said second chain-wheel,

an endless chain put around said ch ain-wheel and said second chain-wheel, a plurality of pins on both sides of said endless chain and adapted to strike against said two short crank-arms and to take same along with them, two long crank-arms fastened on said shaft in the same plane, two rods pivotally connected at their rear ends with said two long crank-arms while their front ends are guided in said rectangular frame, a roll mounted to turn in the front ends ofsaid two rods, an apron secured with its front edge on the front portion of said rectangular frame behind said finger-bar and with its rear edge on said roll, a small drum rigidly connected with said roll, a helical spring attached at its one end to said rectangular frame, and a chain connected at its one end with the other end of said helical spring and secured at its other end on said small drum and adapted to wind said apron on said roll during the forward motion of the latter.

5. In a harvesting-machine,the combination with a rectangular frame, of a driving-wheel mounted in said rectangular frame to turn, a chain-wheel, means for throwing said chainwheel into and out of gear with said drivingwheel, a finger-bar on the front portion of said rectangular frame, a shaft mounted to turn in the rear portion of said rectangular frame, a second chain-wheel loose on said shaft, two short crank-arms fastened on said shaft on both sides of said second chainwheel, an endless chain put around said chain-wheel and said second chain-wheel, a plurality of pins on both sides of said endless chain and adapted to strike against said two short crank-arms and to take same along with them, two long crank-arms fastened on said shaft in the same plane, two rods pivotally connected at their rear ends with said two long crank-arms while their front ends are guided in said rectangular frame, a roll mounted to turn in the front ends of said two rods, an apron secured with its front edge on the front portion of said rectangular frame behind said finger-bar and with its rear edge on said roll, a small drum rigidly connected with said roll, a helical spring attached at its one end to said rectangular frame, a chain connected at its one end with the other end of said helical spring and secured at its other end on said small drum and adapted to wind said apron on said roll during the forward motion of the latter, and two buffers adapted to be shifted and adjusted on said rectangular frame for limiting the stroke of said roll.

6. In a l1arvesting-machine,the combinationwith a rectangular main frame provided with an intermediate bar in the driving direction, of a horizontal shaft mounted to turn in one side portion and the intermediate bar of said rectangular main frame, a driving-wheel loose on said horizontal shaft, a clutch on said horizontal shaft, means for throwing said clutch into and out of gear with said driving-wheel, a pin in the other side portion of said rectangular main frame in the center line of said horizontal shaft, alateral wheel on said pin, a finger-bar with a reciprocating knife-bar on the front portion between the last-named side portion and the intermediate bar of said rectangular main frame, means for transmitting the motion from said horizontal shaft to said reciprocating knife-bar, a draft-frame adapted to turn on said horizontal shaft and engaging said shaft between the first-named side portion and the intermediate bar of said rectangular main frame, a drivers seat on said draft-frame, means for raising and lowering or adjusting the front portion of said rectangular main frame from said drivers seat, a roll guided on the last-named side portion and the intermediate bar of said rectangular main frame, an apron secured with its front edge on the front portion of said rectangular mainframe behind said finger-bar and with its rear edge on said roll, means for periodically advancing said roll toward said fingerbar and for returning it to its initial position, and means for turning said roll in one direction during its forward motion to wind on said apron and for turning the former in the opposite direction during its return to una finger-bar with a reciprocating knife-bar on the front portion between the last-named side portion and the intermediate bar of said rec tangular main frame, means for transmitting the motion from said horizontal shaft to said reciprocating knife-bar, a draft-frame adapted to turn on said horizontal shaft and engaging said shaft between the one side portion and the intermediate bar of said rectangular main frame, a drivers seat on said draftframe, means for raising and lowering or adjusting the front portion of said rectangular main frame from said drivers seat, a chainwheel loose on said horizontal shaft, means for coupling said chain-wheel with said horizontal shaft during the forward motion of the machine, a shaft mounted to turn in the rear portion of said rectangular main frame, a second chain-wheel loose on said shaft, two short crank-arms fastened on said shaft on both sides of said'second chain-wheel, an endless chain put around said chain-wheel and said second chain-wheel, a plurality of pins on both sides of said endless chain and adapted to strike against said two short crank-arms and to take same along with them, two long crank-arms fastened on said shaft in the same plane, two rods pivotally connected at their rear ends with said two long crank-arms while their front ends are guided on the one side portion and the intermediate bar of said rectangular main frame, a roll mounted to turn in the front ends of said two rods, an apron secured with its front edge on the frontportion of said rectangular main frame behind said finger-bar and with its rear edge on said roll, a small drum rigidly connected with said roll, a helical spring attached at one end to said rectangular main frame, and a chain connected at one'end with the other end of said helical spring and secured at its other end on said small drum and adapted to wind said apron on said roll during the forward motion of the latter. l

- In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

VVLADIMIR LIVTSCHAK.

Witnesses:

H. A. LOVIAGUINE, Josnr LIVTSOHAK. 

